Python challenge: Exploring numbers
Here are some examples on working with numbers.
Data types for numbers
In python there are three different datas available for handling numbers
- int
- float
- Decimal
Converting from string
When working with numbers, a typical thing to do is to create them from string values:
Convert from string to int
def convert_to_int(s):
try:
print(int(s))
except ValueError:
print("Cannot convert to int")Convert from string to float
def convert_to_float(s):
try:
print(float(s))
except ValueError:
print("Cannot convert to float")Convert from string to Decimal
Decimals are handled slightly differently as compared to int and float.
To use Decimals, the following imports are needed:
from decimal import Decimal
from decimal import DecimalException…now it is possible to create a Decimal from a string value:
def convert_to_decimal(s):
try:
print(Decimal(s))
except DecimalException:
print("Cannot convert to Decimal")Formatting numbers
There are numerous alternatives when it comes to formatting numbers. Some are listed below:
def format_number(number):
print("{:.2f}".format(number)) # 4.86
print("{:+.2f}".format(number)) # +4.86
print("{:.0f}".format(number)) # 5
print("{:0>2d}".format(5)) # 05
print("{:,}".format(1000000)) # 1,000,000
print("{:.2%}".format(number)) # 485.71%
print("{:.2e}".format(number)) # 4.86e+00
print("{:10d}".format(50)) # 50
print("{:<10d}".format(50)) # 50
print("{:^10d}".format(50)) # 50